## External command External command — Convenience API for using external command. |

## Synopsis

    #define             GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR
                        GCutProcess;
                        GCutProcessClass;
    enum                GCutProcessError;
    GQuark              gcut_process_error_quark            (void);
    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new                    (const gchar *command,
                                                             ...);
    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new_command_line       (const gchar *command_line);
    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new_va_list            (const gchar *command,
                                                             va_list args);
    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new_argv               (gint argc,
                                                             gchar **argv);
    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new_strings            (const gchar **command);
    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new_array              (GArray *command);
    void                gcut_process_set_flags              (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             GSpawnFlags flags);
    GSpawnFlags         gcut_process_get_flags              (GCutProcess *process);
    void                gcut_process_set_env                (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             const gchar *name,
                                                             ...);
    gchar **            gcut_process_get_env                (GCutProcess *process);
    gboolean            gcut_process_run                    (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             GError **error);
    GPid                gcut_process_get_pid                (GCutProcess *process);
    gint                gcut_process_wait                   (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             guint timeout,
                                                             GError **error);
    gboolean            gcut_process_kill                   (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             gint signal_number,
                                                             GError **error);
    gboolean            gcut_process_write                  (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             const gchar *chunk,
                                                             gsize size,
                                                             GError **error);
    GIOStatus           gcut_process_flush                  (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             GError **error);
    GString *           gcut_process_get_output_string      (GCutProcess *process);
    GString *           gcut_process_get_error_string       (GCutProcess *process);
    GIOChannel *        gcut_process_get_input_channel      (GCutProcess *process);
    GIOChannel *        gcut_process_get_output_channel     (GCutProcess *process);
    GIOChannel *        gcut_process_get_error_channel      (GCutProcess *process);
    GInputStream *      gcut_process_get_output_stream      (GCutProcess *process);
    GInputStream *      gcut_process_get_error_stream       (GCutProcess *process);
    guint               gcut_process_get_forced_termination_wait_time
                                                            (GCutProcess *process);
    void                gcut_process_set_forced_termination_wait_time
                                                            (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             guint timeout);
    GCutEventLoop *     gcut_process_get_event_loop         (GCutProcess *process);
    void                gcut_process_set_event_loop         (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             GCutEventLoop *loop);

## Object Hierarchy

      GObject
       +----GCutProcess

## Properties

      "command"                  gpointer              : Read / Write

## Signals

      "error"                                          : Run Last
      "error-received"                                 : Run Last
      "output-received"                                : Run Last
      "reaped"                                         : Run Last

## Description

GCutProcess encapsulates external command execution, communication and termination. GCutProcess reports an error as GError. It can be asserted easily by `gcut_assert_error()`.

External command is specified to constructor like `gcut_process_new()`, `gcut_process_new_strings()` and so on. External command isn't run at the time. `gcut_process_run()` runs specified external command.

Standard/Error outputs of external command are passed by "output-received"/"error-received" signals or GIOChannel returned by `gcut_process_get_output()`/`gcut_process_get_error()`. `gcut_process_write()` writes a chunk to standard input of external command.

To wait external command finished, `gcut_process_wait()` can be used. It accepts timeout to avoid infinite waiting.

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    static GString *output_string;
    static GCutProcess *process;

    void
    cut_setup (void)
    {
        output_string = g_string_new(NULL);
        process = NULL;
    }

    void
    cut_teardown (void)
    {
        if (output_string)
            g_string_free(output_string, TRUE);
        if (process)
            g_object_unref(process);
    }

    static void
    cb_output_received (GCutProcess *process, const gchar *chunk, gsize size,
                        gpointer user_data)
    {
        g_string_append_len(output_string, chunk, size);
    }

    void
    test_echo (void)
    {
        GError *error = NULL;

        process = gcut_process_new("echo", "XXX", NULL);
        g_signal_connect(process, "receive-output",
                         G_CALLBACK(cb_output_received), NULL);

        gcut_process_run(process, &error);
        gcut_assert_error(error);

        gcut_process_wait(process, 1000, &error);
        gcut_assert_error(error);
        cut_assert_equal_string("XXX\n", output_string->str);
    }

## Details

### GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR

    #define GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR           (gcut_process_error_quark())

### GCutProcess

    typedef struct _GCutProcess GCutProcess;

### GCutProcessClass

    typedef struct {
        GObjectClass parent_class;

        void (*output_received) (GCutProcess *process,
                                 const gchar *chunk,
                                 gsize        size);
        void (*error_received)  (GCutProcess *process,
                                 const gchar *chunk,
                                 gsize        size);
        void (*reaped)          (GCutProcess *process,
                                 gint         status);
        void (*error)           (GCutProcess *process,
                                 GError      *error);
    } GCutProcessClass;

### enum GCutProcessError

    typedef enum
    {
        GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_COMMAND_LINE,
        GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_IO_ERROR,
        GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_ALREADY_RUNNING,
        GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_NOT_RUNNING,
        GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_INVALID_OBJECT,
        GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL,
        GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_PERMISSION_DENIED,
        GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_TIMEOUT
    } GCutProcessError;

Error codes returned by GCutProcess related operations.

`GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_COMMAND_LINE` | Command line related error.
`GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_IO_ERROR` | IO error.
`GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_ALREADY_RUNNING` | External command is already running.
`GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_NOT_RUNNING` | External command isn't running.
`GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_INVALID_OBJECT` | Invalid GCutProcess object is passed.
`GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL` | Invalid signal is passed.
`GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_PERMISSION_DENIED` | Permission denied.
`GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_TIMEOUT` | Timeout.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_error_quark ()

    GQuark              gcut_process_error_quark            (void);

Returns : |

### gcut_process_new ()

    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new                    (const gchar *command,
                                                             ...);

Creates a new GCutProcess object that runs `command`.

`command` : | the external command name to be ran
`...` : | the arguments for `command`
Returns : | a new GCutProcess.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_new_command_line ()

    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new_command_line       (const gchar *command_line);

Creates a new GCutProcess object that runs `command_line`.

`command_line` : | a command line
Returns : | a new GCutProcess.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_new_va_list ()

    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new_va_list            (const gchar *command,
                                                             va_list args);

Creates a new GCutProcess object that runs `command`.

`command` : | the external command name to be ran
`args` : | arguments for `command`
Returns : | a new GCutProcess.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_new_argv ()

    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new_argv               (gint argc,
                                                             gchar **argv);

Creates a new GCutProcess object that runs `command`.

`argc` : | the number of elements of `argv`
`argv` : | the external command name to be ran and arguments of it.
Returns : | a new GCutProcess.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_new_strings ()

    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new_strings            (const gchar **command);

Creates a new GCutProcess object that runs `command`.

`command` : | the external command name to be ran and arguments of it. `NULL`-terminated.
Returns : | a new GCutProcess.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_new_array ()

    GCutProcess *       gcut_process_new_array              (GArray *command);

Creates a new GCutProcess object that runs `command`.

`command` : | the external command name to be ran and arguments of it. The GArray should be zero-terminated.
Returns : | a new GCutProcess.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_set_flags ()

    void                gcut_process_set_flags              (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             GSpawnFlags flags);

Sets `flags` for spawning.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
`flags` : | the flags to be passed to `g_spawn_async_with_pipes()`.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_flags ()

    GSpawnFlags         gcut_process_get_flags              (GCutProcess *process);

Gets `flags` for spawning.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | the flags for spawning.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_set_env ()

    void                gcut_process_set_env                (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             const gchar *name,
                                                             ...);

Sets environment variable for external command.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
`name` : | the first environment name.
`...` : | the value of `name`, followed by name and value pairs. `NULL`-terminated.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_env ()

    gchar **            gcut_process_get_env                (GCutProcess *process);

Gets environment variable for external command.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | a newly-allocated `NULL`-terminated environment variables. ("NAME1=VALUE1", "NAME2=VALUE2", ..., `NULL`) It should be freed by `g_strfreev()` when no longer needed.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_run ()

    gboolean            gcut_process_run                    (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             GError **error);

Runs a new external process.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
`error` : | return location for an error, or `NULL`
Returns : | `TRUE` on success, otherwise `FALSE`

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_pid ()

    GPid                gcut_process_get_pid                (GCutProcess *process);

Gets the process ID of running external process. If external process isn't running, 0 is returned.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | the process ID of running external process if external process is running, otherwise 0.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_wait ()

    gint                gcut_process_wait                   (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             guint timeout,
                                                             GError **error);

Waits running external process is finished while `timeout` milliseconds. If external process isn't finished while `timeout` milliseconds, `GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_TIMEOUT` error is set and -1 is returned. If external process isn't running, `GCUT_PROCESS_ERROR_NOT_RUNNING` error is set and -1 is returned.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
`timeout` : | the timeout period in milliseconds
`error` : | return location for an error, or `NULL`
Returns : | an exit status of external process on success, otherwise -1.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_kill ()

    gboolean            gcut_process_kill                   (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             gint signal_number,
                                                             GError **error);

Sends `signal_number` signal to external process.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
`signal_number` : | the signal number to be sent to external process
`error` : | return location for an error, or `NULL`
Returns : | `TRUE` on success, otherwise `FALSE`

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_write ()

    gboolean            gcut_process_write                  (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             const gchar *chunk,
                                                             gsize size,
                                                             GError **error);

Writes `chunk` to external process's standard input.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
`chunk` : | the data to be wrote
`size` : | the size of `chunk`
`error` : | return location for an error, or `NULL`
Returns : | `TRUE` on success, otherwise `FALSE`

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_flush ()

    GIOStatus           gcut_process_flush                  (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             GError **error);

Flush buffered external process's standard input.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
`error` : | return location for an error, or `NULL`
Returns : | the status of the operation: One of `G_IO_STATUS_NORMAL`, `G_IO_STATUS_AGAIN`, or `G_IO_STATUS_ERROR`.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_output_string ()

    GString *           gcut_process_get_output_string      (GCutProcess *process);

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | a GString that has all result of standard output of external process.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_error_string ()

    GString *           gcut_process_get_error_string       (GCutProcess *process);

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | a GString that has all result of standard error of external process.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_input_channel ()

    GIOChannel *        gcut_process_get_input_channel      (GCutProcess *process);

Gets a GIOChannel connected with standard input of external process.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | a GIOChannel if external process is running, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_output_channel ()

    GIOChannel *        gcut_process_get_output_channel     (GCutProcess *process);

Gets a GIOChannel connected with standard output of external process.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | a GIOChannel if external process is running, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_error_channel ()

    GIOChannel *        gcut_process_get_error_channel      (GCutProcess *process);

Gets a GIOChannel connected with standard error output of external process.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | a GIOChannel if external process is running, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_output_stream ()

    GInputStream *      gcut_process_get_output_stream      (GCutProcess *process);

Gets a GInputStream connected with standard output of external process.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | a GInputStream if external process is running, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_error_stream ()

    GInputStream *      gcut_process_get_error_stream       (GCutProcess *process);

Gets a GInputStream connected with standard error output of external process.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | a GInputStream if external process is running, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_forced_termination_wait_time ()

    guint               gcut_process_get_forced_termination_wait_time
                                                            (GCutProcess *process);

Gets a wait time in milliseconds for forced termination on dispose.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | a timeout value for waiting forced terminated external command on dispose.

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_set_forced_termination_wait_time ()

    void                gcut_process_set_forced_termination_wait_time
                                                            (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             guint timeout);

Sets a wait time in milliseconds for forced termination on dispose. If `timeout` is 0, it doesn't wait termination of external process. The default value is 10.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
`timeout` : | the timeout value in milliseconds

Since 1.1.5

### gcut_process_get_event_loop ()

    GCutEventLoop *     gcut_process_get_event_loop         (GCutProcess *process);

Gets a event loop using by the `process`.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
Returns : | a GCutEventLoop.

Since 1.1.6

### gcut_process_set_event_loop ()

    void                gcut_process_set_event_loop         (GCutProcess *process,
                                                             GCutEventLoop *loop);

Sets a event loop for the `process`. If `loop` is `NULL`, the default GLib event loop will be used.

`process` : | a GCutProcess
`loop` : | the event loop or `NULL`

Since 1.1.6

## Property Details

### The `"command"` property

      "command"                  gpointer              : Read / Write

The command to be ran by the process.

## Signal Details

### The `"error"` signal

    void                user_function                      (GCutProcess *process,
                                                            gpointer     error,
                                                            gpointer     user_data)      : Run Last

It is emitted each time an external process causes an error. (e.g. IO error)

`process` : | the object which received the signal.
`error` : | the error of an external process. (`GError`)
`user_data` : | user data set when the signal handler was connected.

Since 1.1.5

### The `"error-received"` signal

    void                user_function                      (GCutProcess *process,
                                                            gchar       *chunk,
                                                            guint64      size,
                                                            gpointer     user_data)      : Run Last

It is emitted each time an external process outputs something to its standard error output and it is read.

Note that you need to run GLib's main loop by `g_main_loop_run()`, `g_main_context_iteration()` and so on for detecting an external process's output is readable.

`process` : | the object which received the signal.
`chunk` : | the chunk read from an external process's standard error output.
`size` : | the size of `chunk`. (`gsize`)
`user_data` : | user data set when the signal handler was connected.

Since 1.1.5

### The `"output-received"` signal

    void                user_function                      (GCutProcess *process,
                                                            gchar       *chunk,
                                                            guint64      size,
                                                            gpointer     user_data)      : Run Last

It is emitted each time an external process outputs something to its standard output and it is read.

Note that you need to run GLib's main loop by `g_main_loop_run()`, `g_main_context_iteration()` and so on for detecting an external process's output is readable.

`process` : | the object which received the signal.
`chunk` : | the chunk read from an external process's standard output.
`size` : | the size of `chunk`. (`gsize`)
`user_data` : | user data set when the signal handler was connected.

Since 1.1.5

### The `"reaped"` signal

    void                user_function                      (GCutProcess *process,
                                                            gint         status,
                                                            gpointer     user_data)      : Run Last

It is emitted when an external process is exited.

Note that you need to run GLib's main loop by `g_main_loop_run()`, `g_main_context_iteration()` and so on for detecting an external process is exited.

`process` : | the object which received the signal.
`status` : | the exit status of an external process.
`user_data` : | user data set when the signal handler was connected.

Since 1.1.5